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Description

NASA Global Land Data Assimilation System Version 2 (GLDAS-2) has three components: GLDAS-2.0, GLDAS-2.1, and GLDAS-2.2. GLDAS-2.0 is forced entirely with the Princeton meteorological forcing input data and provides a temporally consistent series from 1948 through 2014. GLDAS-2.1 is forced with a combination of model and observation data from 2000 to present. GLDAS-2.2 product suites use data assimilation (DA), whereas the GLDAS-2.0 and GLDAS-2.1 products are "open-loop" (i.e., no data assimilation). The choice of forcing data, as well as DA observation source, variable, and scheme, vary for different GLDAS-2.2 products.

GLDAS-2.2 is new to the GES DISC archive and currently includes a main product from CLSM-F2.5 with Data Assimilation for the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE-DA) from February 2003 to present. The GLDAS-2.2 data are available in two production streams: one with GRACE data assimilation outputs (the main production stream), and one without GRACE-DA (the early production stream). Since the GRACE data have a 2-6 month latency, the GLDAS-2.2 data are first created without GRACE-DA, and are designated as the Early Product (EP), with about 1 month latency. Once the GRACE data become available, the GLDAS-2.2 data are processed with GRACE-DA in the main production stream and are removed from the Early Product archive.

The GLDAS-2.2 GRACE-DA product was simulated with Catchment-F2.5 in Land Information System (LIS) Version 7. The data product contains 24 land surface fields from February 1, 2003 to present.

The simulation started on February 1, 2003 using the conditions from the GLDAS-2.0 Daily Catchment model simulation, forced with the meteorological analysis fields from the operational European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Integrated Forecasting System. The total terrestrial water anomaly observation from GRACE satellite was assimilated (Li et al, 2019). Due to the data agreement with ECMWF, this GLDAS-2.2 daily product does not include the meteorological forcing fields.

The GLDAS-2.2 data are archived and distributed in NetCDF format.

Version Description

NASA GLDAS-2 has three components: GLDAS-2.0, GLDAS-2.1, and GLDAS-2.2. GLDAS-2.0 is forced entirely with the Princeton meteorological forcing input data and provides a temporally consistent time series from 1948 through 2014. GLDAS-2.1 is forced with a combination of model and observation data from 2000 to present. GLDAS-2.2 product suites use data assimilation (DA), whereas the GLDAS-2.0 and GLDAS-2.1 products are “open-loop” (i.e., no data assimilation). Choice of forcing data, as well as DA observation source, variable, and scheme vary for different GLDAS-2.2 products. Currently, the GLDAS-2.2 products include Data Assimilation (DA) from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). The GLDAS-2.2 GRACE-DA products are available in two production streams: one with GRACE-DA (the main production stream), and one without GRACE-DA (the early production stream). Since the GRACE data data have a 2-6 month latency, the GLDAS-2.2 data are first created without GRACE-DA, and are designated as Early Product (EP), with about 1 month latency. Once the GRACE data become available, the GLDAS-2.2 data are processed with GRACE-DA in the main production stream and are removed from the Early Product archive. This data product is the main product for GLDAS-2.2 Catchment Land Surface Model daily 0.25 x 0.25 degree with GRACE-DA.

Product Summary

Platforms
Catchment-LSM
Instruments
NOT APPLICABLE
Projects
GLDAS
Spatial Extent

N: 90 S: -60 E: 180 W: -180

Spatial Resolution
0.25 Decimal Degrees x 0.25 Decimal Degrees
Location
GLOBAL LAND
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
2003-02-01 to Present
Data Partner
Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (formerly Goddard DAAC), Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, Earth Sciences Division, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA (NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/TISL/GESDI
Concept ID
C1700900796-GES_DISC
Data State
ACTIVE
Number of Files/Granules
8460
Processing Level
4
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Surface Pressure ,
Heat Flux ,
Longwave Radiation ,
Shortwave Radiation ,
Surface Temperature ,
Humidity ,
Evapotranspiration ,
Surface Winds ,
Rain ,
Precipitation Rate ,
Snow ,
Soil Moisture/Water Content ,
Soil Temperature ,
Land Surface Temperature ,
Snow Water Equivalent ,
Runoff ,
Ground Water

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Li, B., Beaudoing, H., Rodell, M., & Hydrological Sciences Laboratory (HSL). (2020). GLDAS Catchment Land Surface Model L4 daily 0.25 x 0.25 degree GRACE-DA1, Version 2.2 [Dataset]. NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/TXBMLX370XX8 Date Accessed: 2026-06-22

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

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Title Year Author Topic
A new, long-term root zone soil moisture dataset for operational agricultural drought monitoring over Africa Maidment, Ross I., Quaife, Tristan, Pinnington, Ewan, Black, Emily, Ejigu, Amsalework, Kumar, Dhirendra, Thomas, Simon Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Wind Speed, Rain, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Cover, Snow Depth, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Surface Winds, Precipitation Rate, Ground Water
Assessing Flash Drought Development and Propagation Across the Contiguous United States Using Remote Sensing Zeraati, Masoud, Farahmand, Alireza, Seager, Richard, Fowler, Hayley J., Madani, Nima, Parazoo, Nicholas, Manning, Colin, White, Christopher J., Wen, Yixin, Mehran, Ali, AghaKouchak, Amir Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Fraction Of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar), Photosynthesis, Primary Production, Latent Heat Flux, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Tropopause, Air Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Total Precipitable Water, Water Vapor, Cloud Height, Cloud Top Pressure, Cloud Top Temperature, Cloud Vertical Distribution, Emissivity, Sea Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Carbon Monoxide, Geopotential Height, Water Vapor Profiles, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Outgoing Longwave Radiation, Methane, Atmospheric Ozone
Hydrological Analysis of the Middle and Lower Paraguay Basin Based on Water Balance and Storage Using Imerg, GLDAS, and Grace Products (2003-2023) Villalba, Rossana, Ferral, Anabella, BaezGiven, Julian, Kurita, Jorge, Bonansea, Matias, Bertoni, Juan Carlos Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water, Precipitation, Precipitation Amount
Leaf Shedding During Drought Reduces Hydraulic Stress in Trees Quetin, G. R., Anderegg, L. D. L., Trugman, A. T. Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Comparing novel backward hydrological models for watershed-scale precipitation estimation: an evaluation of inverted PDM and Kirchner-hybrid structures Dastjerdi, Pouria Asgari, Nasseri, Mohsen Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Sinkhole risk forecasting in the Lithuania-Latvia Karst region using Samalavicius, Vytautas, Bikse, Janis, Zaslavsky, Ilya, Lekstutyte, Ieva, Arustiene, Jurga, Zarzojus, Gintaras, Kunsakova, Assemzhan, Retike, Inga, Gadeikiene, Sonata, Gadeikis, Saulius Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Reconstructing reservoir water levels using basin-scale GRACE TWS and Besnier, Jessica, Getirana, Augusto, Biswas, Nishan Kumar, Lakshmi, Venkataraman Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water, Terrestrial Water Storage
Water availability shapes temporal patterns of extrafloral nectar secretion and ant visitation to a Neotropical legume Melati, B., Souza, C., Nogueira, A., Leal, L. C. Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water, Tropopause, Air Temperature, Upper Air Temperature, Total Precipitable Water, Water Vapor, Cloud Height, Cloud Top Pressure, Cloud Top Temperature, Cloud Vertical Distribution, Emissivity, Sea Surface Temperature, Skin Temperature, Carbon Monoxide, Geopotential Height, Water Vapor Profiles, Cloud Liquid Water/Ice, Outgoing Longwave Radiation, Methane, Atmospheric Ozone, Skin Temperature, Specific Humidity, Snow/Ice, Evaporation, Latent Heat Flux, Latent Heat Flux, Sensible Heat Flux, Diffusion, Surface Winds, Wind Speed, U/V Wind Components, Wind Stress, Wind Stress, Surface Roughness, Planetary Boundary Layer Height, Ice Fraction
Benchmarking of snow water equivalent (SWE) products based on outcomes of the SnowPEx Intercomparison Project Mudryk, Lawrence, Mortimer, Colleen, Derksen, Chris, Elias Chereque, Aleksandra, Kushner, Paul Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Ground Water
A Multi-Scale Comprehensive Evaluation for Nine Evapotranspiration Products Across Mainland China Under Extreme Climatic Conditions Qian, Long, Wu, Lifeng, Dong, Ning, Dai, Tianjin, Yu, Xingjiao, Bai, Xuqian, Yang, Qiliang, Liu, Xiaogang, Chen, Junying, Zhang, Zhitao Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Air Temperature, Specific Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Wind Speed, Rain, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Cover, Snow Depth, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Surface Winds, Precipitation Rate, Ground Water, Latent Heat Flux
An ensemble machine learning approach for predicting groundwater storage for sustainable management of water resources Uddin, Mohammed Sakib, Mitra, Bijoy, Mahmud, Khaled, Rahman, Syed Masiur, Chowdhury, Shakhawat, Rahman, Muhammad Muhitur Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Carbon emission based predictions of anthropogenic impacts on groundwater storage at typical basins in 2050 Zhao, Ying, Ma, Jiabin, Li, Yuelei, Cheng, Kui, Zhang, Meiling, Liu, Zhuqing, Yang, Fan Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Lightning-ignited wildfire prediction in the boreal forest of northeast Gao, Cong, Shi, Chunming, Li, Jinbao, Li, Junran, Zhang, Xu, Huang, Xinyan, Shi, Fangzhong, Yang, Jing, Bai, Ye, Liu, Xiaodong Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water, Fire Ecology, Biomass Burning, Wildfires, Fire Occurrence, Burned Area
Identifying Optimal Reanalysis and Remote Sensing Data Combinations for Pan, Suli, Ma, Di, Gu, Haiting, Xu, Chao, Zhou, Xiaojie, Zhu, Qiang Total Surface Precipitation Rate, Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Identifying potential hotspots of groundwater-climate interaction in the Kalahari Aquifer System, Upper Zambezi Basin, Southern Africa Banda, Kawawa, Shilengwe, Christopher Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Early hydrothermal conditions have a vital role in the responses of Xue, Xu, Chen, Wen Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
How much water vapour does the Tibetan Plateau release into the atmosphere? Zheng, Chaolei, Jia, Li, Hu, Guangcheng, Menenti, Massimo, Timmermans, Joris Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Heat Budget, Soil Temperature, Soil Infiltration, Soil Infiltration, Surface Soil Moisture, Root Zone Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Evaporation, Surface Water, Runoff Rate, Average Flow, Average Flow, Precipitation, Snow/Ice, Snow Depth, Snow Melt, Snow/Ice Temperature, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Ground Water, Latent Heat Flux
Multi-source evaluation of a non-stationary drought index informed by climatic teleconnections across the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia Rezaie-Balf, Mohammad, Chua, Lloyd H.C. Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Monitoring drought over the Gavkhouni Lake using Terrestrial Water Storage data Khesali, Elahe, Ghasemi, Elham, Almutairi, Fawziah Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Propagation of meteorological to agricultural flash droughts using a novel weekly index Chen, Si, Wu, Jiaojiao, Liu, Jiahao, Iqbal, Mudassar, Li, Xiaolan, Liu, Hai, Waseem, Muhammad, Luo, Zhe Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Synchronicity analysis of meteorological variables on agricultural Liu, Fang, Zhang, Hongbo, Li, Yihang, Ning, Zhiyuan, Hao, Shuai Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Unveiling the escalating impact of human activities on groundwater Zhang, Xiao, Wu, Xiong, Mu, Wenping Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Understanding mesoscale convective processes over the Congo Basin using Zhao, Siyu, Fu, Rong, Nunez Ocasio, Kelly, Nystrom, Robert, He, Cenlin, Zhang, Jiaying, Jiang, Xianan, Teixeira, Joao Precipitation, Precipitation Amount, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Rain, Brightness Temperature, Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Understanding Terrestrial Water Storage Changes Derived from the Fatolazadeh, Farzam, Goita, Kalifa Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water
Widespread Sensitivity of Vegetation to the Transition From Normal Liao, Jiangling, Xu, Yuyue, Pi, Junzheng, Li, Yuchen, Ke, Changqing, Zhan, Wenfeng, Chen, Jianli Surface Pressure, Heat Flux, Longwave Radiation, Shortwave Radiation, Surface Temperature, Humidity, Evapotranspiration, Surface Winds, Rain, Precipitation Rate, Snow, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Temperature, Land Surface Temperature, Snow Water Equivalent, Runoff, Ground Water, Land Use/Land Cover Classification
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Variables

The table below lists the variables contained within a single granule for this dataset. Variables often contain observed or derived geophysical measurements collected from a variety of sources, including remote sensing instruments on satellite and airborne platforms, field campaigns, in situ measurements, and model outputs. The terms variable, parameter, scientific data set, layer, and band have been used across NASA’s Earth science disciplines; however, variable is the designated nomenclature in NASA’s Common Metadata Repository (CMR). Variable metadata attributes such as Name, Description, Units, Data Type, Fill Value, Valid Range, and Scale Factor allow users to efficiently process and analyze the data. The full range of attributes may not be applicable to all variables. Additional information on variable attributes is typically available in the data, user guide, and/or other product documentation.

For questions on a specific variable, please use the Earthdata Forum.

Name Description Units Data Type Fill Value Valid Range Scale Factor Offset
ACond_tavg ACond_tavg m s-1 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
AvgSurfT_tavg AvgSurfT_tavg K float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
CanopInt_tavg CanopInt_tavg kg m-2 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
ECanop_tavg ECanop_tavg kg m-2 s-1 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
ESoil_tavg ESoil_tavg kg m-2 s-1 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
EvapSnow_tavg EvapSnow_tavg kg m-2 s-1 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
Evap_tavg Evap_tavg kg m-2 s-1 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
GWS_tavg GWS_tavg mm float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
lat lat degrees_north float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
lon lon degrees_east float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
Lwnet_tavg Lwnet_tavg W m-2 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
Qg_tavg Qg_tavg W m-2 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
Qh_tavg Qh_tavg W m-2 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
Qle_tavg Qle_tavg W m-2 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
Qsb_tavg Qsb_tavg kg m-2 s-1 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
Qsm_tavg Qsm_tavg kg m-2 s-1 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
Qs_tavg Qs_tavg kg m-2 s-1 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
SnowDepth_tavg SnowDepth_tavg m float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
SnowT_tavg SnowT_tavg K float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
SoilMoist_P_tavg SoilMoist_P_tavg kg m-2 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
SoilMoist_RZ_tavg SoilMoist_RZ_tavg kg m-2 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
SoilMoist_S_tavg SoilMoist_S_tavg kg m-2 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
SWE_tavg SWE_tavg kg m-2 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
Swnet_tavg Swnet_tavg W m-2 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
time time days since 2003-02-01 00:00:00 float64 N/A N/A N/A N/A
time_bnds time_bnds N/A float64 N/A N/A N/A N/A
TVeg_tavg TVeg_tavg kg m-2 s-1 float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
TWS_tavg TWS_tavg mm float32 -9999 N/A 1 0
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