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Description

This dataset provides Daymet Version 4 R1 data as gridded estimates of daily weather parameters for North America, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Daymet variables include the following parameters: minimum temperature, maximum temperature, precipitation, shortwave radiation, vapor pressure, snow water equivalent, and day length. The dataset covers the period from January 1, 1980, to December 31 (or December 30 in leap years) of the most recent full calendar year for the Continental North America and Hawaii spatial regions. Data for Puerto Rico is available starting in 1950. Each subsequent year is processed individually at the close of a calendar year. Daymet variables are provided as individual files, by variable and year, at a 1 km x 1 km spatial resolution and a daily temporal resolution. Areas of Hawaii and Puerto Rico are available as files separate from the continental North America. Data are in a North America Lambert Conformal Conic projection and are distributed in a standardized Climate and Forecast (CF)-compliant netCDF file format. In Version 4 R1, all 2020 and 2021 files were updated to improve predictions especially in high-latitude areas. It was found that input files used for deriving 2020 and 2021 data had, for a significant portion of Canadian weather stations, missing daily variable readings for the month of January. NCEI has corrected issues with the Environment Canada ingest feed which led to the missing readings. The revised 2020 and 2021 Daymet V4 R1 files were derived with new GHCNd inputs. Files outside of 2020 and 2021 have not changed from the previous V4 release.

Product Summary

Platforms
MODELS
Instruments
Computer
Projects
Daymet
Spatial Extent

N: 82.9143 S: 14.0749 E: -53.0567 W: -178.133

Location
NORTH AMERICA ,
PUERTO RICO
Coordinate System
CARTESIAN
Granule Spatial Representation
CARTESIAN
Temporal Extent
1950-01-01 to 2025-12-31
Data Partner
THE OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY (ORNL) DISTRIBUTED ACTIVE ARCHIVE CENTER (DAAC) (ORNL_DAAC)
Concept ID
C2532426483-ORNL_CLOUD
Data State
COMPLETE
Number of Files/Granules
1176
Processing Level
4
Published
Updated
Science Keywords
Maximum/Minimum Temperature ,
24 Hour Precipitation Amount ,
Maximum/Minimum Temperature ,
Snow Water Equivalent ,
Vapor Pressure ,
Shortwave Radiation

Citation

Citation is critically important for dataset documentation and discovery. This dataset is openly shared, without restriction, in accordance with the EOSDIS Data Use and Citation Guidance.

Copy Citation

Thornton, M. M., Shrestha, R., Wei, Y., Thornton, P. E., & Kao, S.-C. (2022). Daymet: Daily Surface Weather Data on a 1-km Grid for North America, Version 4 R1 (Version 4.1). ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/2129 Date Accessed: 2026-06-17

Documents

Publications Citing This Dataset

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Title Year Author Topic
A climate-informed statistical framework to indirectly estimate trends in future seasonal high flows in snow-dominated watersheds using short-term climate variability indices Gonzalez-Mora, Andres F., Foulon, Etienne, Rousseau, Alain N. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
A large-scale, multitask, multisensory dataset for climate-aware crop monitoring in the US from 20182022 Hohl, Adrian, Ofori-Ampofo, Stella, Fernandez-Torres, Miguel-Angel, Kuzu, Rdvan Salih, Zhu, Xiao Xiang Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Artificial intelligence with earth observations provides continuous Uddin, Shihab, Rajib, Adnan, Haider, M. Rezaul, Vanderhoof, Melanie, Luk Kim, I., Zhao, Lan Fire Ecology, Biomass Burning, Wildfires, Fire Occurrence, Leaf Characteristics, Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Fraction Of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar), Surface Thermal Properties, Land Surface Temperature, THERMAL ANOMALIES, Burned Area, Reflectance, Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation, Evapotranspiration, Latent Heat Flux
Advancing aquifer recharge forecasting through hybrid explainable AI and hydrological modeling Sharma, Chetan, Basagaoglu, Hakan, Schmidt, Logan, Yoosefdoost, Icen, Wootten, Adrienne M., Bertetti, F. Paul, Sahinli, M. Arif, Arshad, Arfan, Samimi, Maryam, Sharp, John M., Yang, Changbing, Mirchi, Ali, Chakraborty, Debaditya Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
An ecological cascade links climatic variability to avian irruptions and zoonotic salmonellosis outbreaks Tonelli, Benjamin A., Youngflesh, Casey, Tingley, Morgan W. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation, Forest Management
An Ecological Dipole in North American MastEating Small Mammal Dynamics Barton, Jessica H., Widick, Ivy V., Zuckerberg, Benjamin, Strong, Courtenay, Jarzyna, Marta A., LaMontagne, Jalene M. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
A novel framework for modeling monthly building energy consumption at the mesoscale community level during the zoning phase Lin, Qi, Guan, ChengHe Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Bumble bee species display contrasting phenological responses to climate variation Elshoff, Kyle C., Finn, Sylvana R., Treanore, Erin D., Richardson, Leif L., Crone, Elizabeth E. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Beyond agroecological delineation: A functional understanding of productivity drivers across row crop agroecosystems in the United States Eeswaran, Rasu, Nair, Sujithkumar Surendran, King, Anthony Wayne, Nandialath, Anup Menon, Jagadamma, Sindhu Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Characterizing the influence of remotely sensed wetland and lake water storage on discharge using LSTM models Vanderhoof, Melanie K., Keenan, William, Dolan, Wayana, Golden, Heather E., Lane, Charles R., Christensen, Jay R., Solvik, Kylen, Rajib, Adnan Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Climate controls on seasonal groundwaterstream connectivity in snow-dominated semi-arid headwaters Peven, Grace, Link, Timothy E., Hare, Danielle, Liston, Glen E., Eitel, Jan U.H. Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Climate and species traits give rise to complex phenological dynamics Reis, Gbolahan A., Forister, Matthew L., Halsch, Christopher A., Dittemore, Clare M., Shapiro, Arthur M., Gompert, Zachariah Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Hydrological cycle intensification and permafrost thaw drive increased freshwater and organic carbon inputs to northern Alaska estuaries Rawlins, Michael A., Connolly, Craig T., McClelland, James W. Carbon, Nitrogen, Soil Water Holding Capacity, Soil Bulk Density, Soil Chemistry, Soil Classification, Soil Moisture/Water Content, Soil Horizons/Profile, Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Local water use and climate variability drive water stress and alter ecological flows over the conterminous United States Stets, E G, Cashman, M J, Miller, O, Powlen, K A, Martinez, A J, Padilla, J, Archer, A A Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Machine learningbased prediction of cereal rye cover crop biomass across diverse agroecosystems Ghimire, Utsab, Mitra, Alakananda, Fleisher, David, Park, John, Barnaby, Jinyoung Y., Kim, Yonghyun, Han, Eunjin Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Large streamflow differences between forested and urbanized watersheds in the energylimited eastern United States: The role of evapotranspiration and impervious ... Sun, Ge, Bian, Zihao, Khand, Kul, Caldwell, Peter V., Boggs, Johnny, Wang, Chen, Chen, Yujuan, Liu, Ning, Zhang, Yulong, Chen, Xi, Senay, Gabriel B., McNulty, Steven G. Precipitation Amount, Maximum/Minimum Temperature, Shortwave Radiation, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent
Insights into evapotranspiration partitioning based on hydrological observations using the generalized proportionality hypothesis Hassan, Amin, Prentice, Iain Colin, Liang, Xu Leaf Area Index (LAI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation, Evapotranspiration, Photosynthesis, Primary Production, Latent Heat Flux
Improving the Transferability of SAR-Derived Vegetation Indices for Crop Monitoring Osei, Henry Poku, Simic Milas, Anita, Alam, Mir Md Tasnim Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Improved Joint Estimation of Daily Actual Evapotranspiration and Gross Primary Production by Integrating Landsat, Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1, and Climate Data With Machine Learning Chen, Jiang, Stoy, Paul C., Zhang, Zhou Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Dual atmospheric controls amplify streamflow extremes in Alabama Foley, Zachary W, Harley, Grant L, Thaxton, Richard D, Therrell, Matthew D, Jones, C Nathan, Smith, Alistair M S, Zhao, Meng Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Evaluating the Suitability of NLDAS-2 Climate Data for Watershed Modeling: A Case Study of AnnAGNPS in Goodwin Creek Experimental Watershed in Mississippi Rebillout, Luc, Pophet, Nuttita, Al-Hamdan, Mohammad, Ozeren, Yavuz, Bingner, Ronald Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Evaluating post-fire watershed response to varying burn severity and precipitation regimes using fully-distributed and integrated hydrologic models Li, Zhi, Li, Bing, Jiang, Peishi, Hammond, Glenn E., Shuai, Pin, Zahura, Faria T., Coon, Ethan T., Chen, Xingyuan Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Contrasting precipitation controls on autumn phenology across eastern Li, Xiaolu, Donnelly, Alison, Wang, Yetang Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Determinants of mercury accumulation and risk for Pacific blue mussels (Mytilus trossulus) sampled along a gradient of glacial coverage Barst, Benjamin D., Jenckes, Jordan, Capistrant-Fossa, Kyle A., Iken, Katrin, Porter, Drew, Trifari, Michelle, Ussery, Erin J., Nielsen, Kristin Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation
Do Lagged Ecosystem Feedbacks to Hydroclimate Extremes Promote Resilience of Forest Watersheds? Zhang, Ruoyu, Band, Lawrence E., Hwang, Taehee Maximum/Minimum Temperature, 24 Hour Precipitation Amount, Snow Water Equivalent, Vapor Pressure, Shortwave Radiation, Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Fraction Of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fapar), Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Characteristics, Photosynthetically Active Radiation
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