You can create a Cloud Raster Format (CRF) using ArcGIS Pro.

Step-by-Step Guide

Use "ubuntu" username instead of "arcgis"

1. Select Analysis → Tools → Copy Raster
2. Select a mosaic dataset in either local or remote database. (e.g., C:\Users\Administrator\Documents\aws_rds_geodb_conn.sde\sdt_db.sdt_user.cer_syn1deg_1hour_terra_aqua_modis)
3. Select output file name (e.g., c:/tmp/crf/ceres.crf)
4. In Properties tab, Check Process as Multidimensional
5. Check Build Multidimensional Transpose
6. In Environment tab, select LERC for compression
7. Change Width and Height to match raster x and y size (e.g., 360 and 180 for CERES)
8. Upload CRF folder into an S3 bucket
9. Create S3 connection using Create Cloud Connection tool in Toolbox
10. Add it into folder in catalog pane
11. Browse the connection using catalog pane
12. Select CRF file that you uploaded; share as web layer in portal as image service

Note: MDCS is scripting solution for CRF conversion as well.

References

Esri ArcGIS Pro: Copy Raster (Data Management)